The body goes through the final stages of dying on 3 levels: physical, spiritual and emotional. The dying individual goes through these stages in much the same manner as they did life. The things that were important regarding family, religion, relationships, values, beliefs will all be addressed in a "letting go" process that is necessary for the body to fully shut down and release from this life.

The physical side of dying should not be a dramatic occurrence. The body will naturally go through this process at the speed that makes sense and in accordance to the needs of each of the 3 levels. When all 3 levels are ready to release the individual from this life than the final stage of death will be complete. The physical shut down of each body system does not need any "emergency" medical assistance. Any medical aid should be to give comfort. No invasive medical procedures should be necessary at this time.

Physical signs and symptoms of the body preparing for death:

The energy needs of the body decreases so the individual will not require as much food or fluids. This decreased need will manifest itself in a decrease in thirst and appetite for food. To give comfort, do not force the individual to eat or drink.

At this stage dehydration will not make the individual feel uncomfortable in fact quite the opposite is true, it is easier to go through the process of shutting down the body's systems when in a state of dehydration than it is to go through it in a state of fluid overload. Comfort may be given by offering ice chips or frozen popsicles. If available, glycerin swabs can also keep the mouth and lips moist.

As weakness and fatigue sets in, the individual may desire to be with only one person or to be left alone at times. It is better to respect their wish than to force socialization on them when it may be too tiring to do so.

Typically the individual will increase sleep, and appear as if they are uncommunicative, or unresponsive. Do not be alarmed if the individual is difficult to arouse from sleep as this is normal. This is due to the decrease in metabolic rate. Comfort is given by just "being there" and not taking action, when none is required.

Hearing is generally the last of the senses to go so be aware that the individual can likely still hear you, even if it appears that they are unaware.

During the process of dying the individual may become restless as the circulation to the brain decreases and metabolism slows. The person may become disoriented, or not recognize those that are usually familiar to them. Bring comfort by speaking in hushed tones; perhaps give a light massage to the hand or forehead.

Some other physical signs:

Incontinence - loss of control over the release of urine.

Breathing pattern changes

Gurgling sounds at the back of the throat which can be very loud; often called the "death rattle" can be heard. A comfort measure would be to raise the head of the bed, say soothing things. The individual may be relieved to know that it is OK to go. Giving this assurance for them to release from this life can be a very special gift that you can give to them at this time. It is a real gift to be able to release in an atmosphere of calm and peace. Expressing fear or anxiety at this stage may hinder the releasing process.